pertinacious [ pur-tn-EY-shuh' s ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. stubborn, obstinate or unyielding 2. resolute or tenacious | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Her pertinacious, pro-communist views irked the audience.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | In travelling, there is nothing like dissecting people's statements, which are usually coloured by their estimate of the powers or likings of the person spoken to, making all reasonable inquiries, and then pertinaciously but quietly carrying out one's own plans. Telegraph, Great adventurers - and greater storytellers, Michael Kerr, 12 Mar 2007 | | arroyo [ uh'-ROI-oh ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. a dry gulch, gully or channel esp. in an arid region 2. a creek, stream, rivulet or brook | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The hard push sent him sprawling face down into the arroyo.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | There are 80 miles [129 kilometers] of singletrack running through Cottonwood Valley and many more miles of trail in the surrounding purlieus, but this little arroyo is among the most interesting sections. National Geographic, destination - Vegas Rocks, by Steve Casimiro | | discountenance [ dis-KOUN-tn-uh' ns ] | | [ noun, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (tr.v.) to embarrass or abash 2. (tr.v.) to express disapproval 3. (n.) disapproval or disfavour | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He discountenanced his children by talking about their childhood antics.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | This is partly, not unreasonably, because growing numbers of their pupils belong to other faiths; partly, less reasonably, because so many are poised to quarrel with any action alleged to discountenance non-Christians. Telegraph, Notebook, W F Deedes, 08 Dec 2003 | | gleam [ gleem ] | | [ noun, verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (n.) a flash of light or a glow 2. (n.) a trace 3 (v.) to appear suddenly like a flash of light | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The thieves saw the gleam of the watchman's torch and hid themselves.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Playing Rebecca Bloomwood, the blissfully clothes-crazy heroine of "Confessions of a Shopaholic," Isla Fisher walks around with the mad gleam of a true believer. CNN, Review: 'Shopaholic' is a big winner, Owen Gleiberman, 13 February 2009. | | irreverence [ ih-REV-er-uh'ns ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. the quality of being without due respect or a lack of veneration 2. a disrespectful act or statement 3. the condition of not being venerated or respected | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The villagers trashed him because of his display of irreverence for their deity.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The straight talking, the enthusiasm for aid, the witticisms, the irreverence that so endeared him to colleagues – and, in particular, to those fortunate enough to work for him – did not fit so well with Mrs Thatcher's regime. The Telegraph, Rex Browning, 18 June 2009. | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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