coterie [ KOH-tuh'-ree ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | a faction or group of people with a similar interest or purpose; a clique | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The coterie of astronomers, physicists and engineers feel that the day of mass space tourism is not far away.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | For, in the imaginations of a coterie of physicists, biologists and engineers, an alternative world is taking shape. The Economist, The future of energy, Jun 19th 2008 | | coniferous [ koh'-NIF-er-uh' s, kuh'- ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. of or pertaining to trees that have needle or scale-like leaves. cone bearing trees 2. bearing cones | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Coniferous forests are mainly found in Canada.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | A spokeswoman for Bangor University said the coniferous trees would be replaced by native species. BBC, Landmark tree cross to be felled, 11 June 2008 | | gregarious [ gri-GAIR-ee-uh's ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. sociable or tending to enjoy the company of others 2. living in or pertaining to herds or flocks 3. (of plants) growing in colonies or clusters | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The gregarious mariner enjoyed telling people of his exploits at sea.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Normally gregarious Iranians are afraid to speak in public places for fear that their words might be misinterpreted and relayed back to the authorities. BBC, Iran learns from past to crush dissent, 9 July 2009 | | doctrinaire [ DOK-truh'-NAIR ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1.(n.) an impractical theorist 2. (n.) a person who tries to apply some doctrine or theory without sufficient attention to its practicality 3. (adj.) fanatical or dogmatic | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The doctrinaire project manager was driving the engineers crazy with his impractical plan of action.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Doctrinaire Marxists, of whom there were many in the Labour Party, regarded the nuclear family as a doomed bourgeois institution. The Telegraph, At last, a common-sense approach to family values from David Cameron's Conservatives, 9 October 2009. | | conversant [ kuh'n-VUR-suh'nt ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. familiar because of use or study 2. proficient or skilled | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | After working in the pharmacy for over a year he had become conversant with the names of medicines.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Any medical practitioner is extremely aware of the complexity of abortion and the issue of the termination of a pregnancy and would only consider any practice in this area if they were fully conversant with the laws and if they were acting in a proper clinical manner,' said Dr Hansel. The Telegraph, Cheating consultant branded pregnant lover 'mad', 7 October 2009. | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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