wring [ ring ] | | [ noun, intransitive verb, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (tr. v.) to squeeze, twist or compress to extract liquid 2. (tr. v.) to forcibly twist or wrench 3. (tr. v.) to shake someone's hand 4. (tr. v.) to obtain by force 5. (intr. v.) to squirm 6. (n.) a twist or the act of squeezing | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Every day the maid would wring out the water from the washed clothes and then hang them out to dry.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | He is now beginning a fresh effort to wring concessions from China. BBC, Tibetans struggle with Chinese changes, Adam Brookes, 6 December 2002. | | fissure [ fish-er ] | | [ noun, intransitive verb, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (n.) a crack, groove or cleft 2. (n.) a division, separation or schism 3. (tr.v.) to cause the formation of a crack (intr.v.) to split or cause cracking | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The fissure deepened because of the flowing rain water.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The combination of the lack of an obvious leader and the general political combustibility of the Republican Party will lead to a dangerous fissure that will plague it until the 2012 election cycle. CNN, 2009 political predictions: What will be the big story?, January 2, 2009 | | arduous [ Brit., ahr-dyoo-uh's, ahr-joo-uh' s ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. onerous, laborious, strenuous or difficult 2. steep or difficult to climb | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | It was an arduous journey.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Twelve polling personnel had to undertake an arduous trek of over 45 km through knee-deep snow to reach two polling stations in the Ladakh Parliamentary seat where votes will be cast on Friday. The Times of India, 12 poll officials trek treacherous terrain for 37 voters, 13 May 2009 | | bovine [ BOH-vahyn ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (adj.) pertaining to cattle 2. (adj.) ox like 3. (n.) cattle | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He was a veterinarian who specialized in bovine diseases.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | This week, the British Veterinary Association approved a new policy position, strongly and explicitly supporting the culling of badgers to assist the control of bovine Tuberculosis (bTB). The Telegraph, Vets support the killing of badgers, Peter Wedderburn, 11 July 2009. | | debris [ duh'-BREE or especially Brit., DEB-ree ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. wreckage, ruins, rubble or the remains of anything broken down 2. an accumulation of loose rock fragments 3. litter or carelessly discarded refuse | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The road was blocked with debris from the building that had collapsed.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The report pointed out that on or below every square mile of our ocean, there were 46,000 pieces of floating marine debris and that the problem was particularly acute in certain areas. CNN, Opinion: Creating a sea of change, David de Rothschild, 7 March 2010. | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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