advocacy [ AD-vuh'-kuh'-see ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. the act of arguing in favour of or of pleading for 2. the act of pleading or supporting 3. the work of an advocate or the profession | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The activist was famous for his advocacy of the fundamental rights of citizens.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | We are extremely concerned that advocacy levels in the private sector are not regulated, leaving hundreds of children in Wales without the independent support they need to voice their concerns about the treatment they are receiving in these homes. BBC, Concerns over private children's care homes support, 15 February 2010. | | stultify [ STUHL-tuh'-fahy ] | | [ transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. to impair, cripple or render ineffective 2. to cause to look stupid, ridiculous or foolish 3. (law) to prove one to be of unstable or unsound mind and, hence, not legally responsible for one's actions | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The thief was stultified after the policeman shot at his ankle when he tried to escape.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Kanter argued that large companies need to liberate their employees from stultifying hierarchies if they are going to be able to "dance" in the flexible, fast-changing future. Economist, Empowerment, Oct 27th 2008 | | muster [ MUHS-ter ] | | [ intransitive verb, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (tr.v.) to summon, gather, call upon or assemble 2. (intr.v.) to assemble, collect, gather or come together 3. (n.) a gathering, assembling or collection 4. (n.) a roll, inventory or list | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He mustered courage and fell into the thick of the battle field.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Coalition-watchers will look first to see whether the PNV and its smaller allies can muster the 38 seats needed to retain power. BBC, Basque election race wide open, By Steve Kingstone BBC News, Bilbao, 27 February 2009 | | lavish [ LAV-ish ] | | [ adjective, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (adj.) in large measure 2. (adj.) generous 3. (tr. v.) to offer very generously | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He enjoyed a lavish lifestyle throughout his life.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Thirty miles south of Prague is Konopiste Castle, the lavish residence of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand. CNN, Beyond Prague: 3 fascinating day trips, Rick Stevens, 25 June 2009 | | lurk [ lurk ] | | [ intransitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. to waylay 2. to move sneakily 3. to be present without being seen 4. to read but not be an active participant in the conversation of an online discussion | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The poor girl did not know that danger was lurking just around the corner.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | No retailer or supplier can ignore it – and competition – that lurks in those markets. The Telegraph, Tesco boss warns on increase in joblessness, Rowena Mason, 11 June 2009 | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
|
Comments
Post a Comment