subterfuge [ SUHB-ter-fyooj ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. deception or trickery used to evade or conceal situations 2. a device or stratagem that is deceptive in nature | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Subterfuge had to be employed to continue maintaining friendly relations with neighbouring countries.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | In the country's only museum dedicated to the art of subterfuge and spycraft; see everything from James Bond's Aston Martin to storage devices for cyanide. National Geographic, Best of Washington, D.C.: Must-Dos | | stoic [ STOH-ik ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (n.) one who is apathetic to emotions like grief and pleasure 2. (n.) one who belongs to a greek school of philosophy that had been founded by zeno who stated that wise men are the ones who are apathetic to worldly emotions like grief and pleasure 3. (adj.) being indifferent to earthly emotions like grief and pleasure 4. (adj.) of or pertaining to stoics | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | His stoic mannerisms caused people to feel that he lacked emotions.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | "The stoic silence that he maintains is scary sometimes," said a police official. The Timesof India, 2 cops top SIMI man's hate list, Prashant Dayal, September 29, 2008 | | litotes [ LAHY-tuh'-teez, LIT-uh'-, lahy-TOH-teez ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | a figure of speech that involves an understatement where a statement esp. an affirmative one is expressed by negating its contrary | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The frequent use of litotes in his writings showed his wry sense of humour.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Lovers of litotes, the English virtue of understatement, may relish the way Mike Warburton, of accountants Grant Thornton, summed up Mr Darling's performance. Telegraph, Taxing times for the Government, By Ian Cowie, 16 May, 2008 | | loll [ lol ] | | [ noun, intransitive verb, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (intr. v.) to recline in a lazy way 2. (tr.v.) to sag or hang down loosely 3. (n.) the manner of lazing(archaic) | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He lolled the whole day at home while his wife worked hard in the office as well as at home.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Shops are open, restaurants full and men loll on the pavements eating sweets to recuperate from daylight fasting. The Telegraph, Muammar Gaddafi hits out on 40th anniversary of Libyan coup, Damien McElroy, 1 September 2009, 8 September 2009. | | improvise [ IM-pruh'-vahyz ] | | [ intransitive verb, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (tr. v.) extemporize or perform without previous preparation 2. (tr. v.) to provide from what is available 3. (intr. v.) to perform something on the spur of the moment or without previously preparing for it 4. (intr. v.) to make do with what is available | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The professor told the student that he should improvise instead of complaining the lack of proper equipment to conduct the experiment.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | In many work places you dare not improvise. BBC, Can comedy and rock 'n roll help business? Arlene Gregorius, 17 December 2009. | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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