TESTfunda Daily Wordlist 10-Dec-13

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	10-Dec-13 TestFunda Home | Sign up for Newsletters | Feedback Daily Wordlist Vocabulary Flashcards | Vocabulary Test | Previous Wordlists bulwark [ BOO' L-werk, -wawrk, BUHL- ]   [ noun, transitive verb ]   MEANING :   1. (n.) a solid wall built for defence; a rampart 2. (n.) something serving as a strong support or protection 3. (n.) breakwater 4. (n.) (usu. plural) the side of a ship above the upper deck 5. (tr. v.) to fortify or protect with a bulwark   USAGE EXAMPLE 1 :   The Great wall of China- built as a bulwark against invading Mongols- is one of the greatest engineering feats of all time.   USAGE EXAMPLE 2 :   Clinton hopes Texas will serve as a bulwark against Obama's wave of growing political support. CNN, Obama faces fire from Clinton, McCain, 14 February, 2008   unkempt [ uhn-KEMPT ]   [ adjective ]   MEANING :   1. not combed, messy or untidy 2. unpolished, disorderly or crude   USAGE EXAMPLE 1 :   His unkempt appearance was part of his style statement.   USAGE EXAMPLE 2 :   Our clothes were in rags, our appearance unkempt and forbidding. National Geographic, My Life in Forbidden Lhasa, By Heinrich Harrer   refraction [ ri-FRAK-shuh' n ]   [ noun ]   MEANING :   a bending or change in the path of a light wave when it traverses obliquely from one optical medium to another having a different density   USAGE EXAMPLE 1 :   Formation of a rainbow is an effect of the phenomenon of refraction.   USAGE EXAMPLE 2 :   The needles are so small that it reduces refraction or distortion of the light to almost zero Telegraph, Harry Potter invisibility cloak a step closer to reality, by Richard Alleyne, 16 Oct 2008   maculated [ MAK-yuh'-ley-tid ]   [ adjective, transitive verb ]   MEANING :   1. (adj.) blotched or stained 2. (adj.) spotted 3. (tr. v.) to be blotched or blemished   USAGE EXAMPLE 1 :   Muddy water from the puddle splashed on her and maculated her pretty dress.   USAGE EXAMPLE 2 :   Pure Italian marble, maculated by the heavy traffic, but gleaming proudly in the afternoon sun. BBC, Just Look Up, 29th September 2005.   acerbity [ uh'-SUR-bi-tee ]   [ noun ]   MEANING :   harshness of speech, expression or temper   USAGE EXAMPLE 1 :   Nani Palkiwala's budget speeches- which were laced with wit and acerbity- attracted large audiences.   USAGE EXAMPLE 2 :   But ultimately House of Cards is chez Richardson, with his wit, acerbity and slyness making this an ideal political thriller, even for those left cold by politics. BBC, House of cards, Paul Seed, BBC TV, 1990   Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS [b] boy, baby, rob [d] do, ladder, bed [f] food, offer, safe [g] get, bigger, dog [h] happy, ahead [j] jump, budget, age [k] can, speaker, stick [l] let, follow, still [m] make, summer, time [n] no, dinner, thin [ng] singer, think, long [p] put, apple, cup [r] run, marry, far, store [s] sit, city, passing, face [sh] she, station, push [t] top, better, cat [ch] church, watching, nature, witch [th] thirsty, nothing, math [th'] this, mother, breathe [v] very, seven, love [w] wear, away [hw] where, somewhat [y] yes, onion [z] zoo, easy, buzz [zh] measure, television, beige   VOWELS [a] apple, can, hat [ey] aid, hate, day [ah] arm, father, aha [air] air, careful, wear [aw] all, or, talk, lost, saw [e] ever, head, get [ee] eat, see, need [eer] ear, hero, beer [er] teacher, afterward, murderer [i] it, big, finishes [ahy] I, ice, hide, deny [o] odd, hot, woffle [oh] owe, road, below [oo] ooze, food, soup, sue [oo'] good, book, put [oi] oil, choice, toy [ou] out, loud, how [uh] up, mother, mud [uh'] about, animal, problem, circus [ur] early, bird, stirring   FOREIGN SOUNDS [a*] Fr. ami [kh*] Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich [œ] Fr. feu, Ger. schön [r*] Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe [uh*] Fr. oeuvre [y*] Fr. tu, Ger. über   SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS [an*] Fr. bien [ahn*] Fr. croissant [awn*] Fr. bon [œn*] Fr. parfum [in*] Port. 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