virulent [ VIR-yuh'-luh'nt, VIR-uh'- ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. venomous, deadly or malignant 2. hateful, spiteful or antagonistic 3. harsh, obnoxious or malicious 4. (medicine) infectious, deadly or able to overcome the natural defences of the host | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The virulent nature of her remarks made people dislike her.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | A virulent strain of malaria that resists most treatments and kills in 24 hours is prevalent. National Geographic, Jenny Daltry, Herpetologist | | aboriginal [ ab-uh'-RIJ-uh'-nl ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (adj.) indigenous or inhabiting or native from the beginning 2. (adj.) relating or pertaining to the aborigines 3. (n.) aborigine | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The aboriginal residents of the island were feared by the new settlers.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Aboriginal tribes believe their remains must be returned to their people. BBC, Museum returns Aboriginal skulls, 21 May 2009 | | sere [ seer ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (adj.) completely dry or parched 2. (adj.) withered 3. (n.) a stage in a series of ecological communities from beginning to end | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The sere pasture was the result of there being no rainfall in the area.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | What appears to be the sere grassland of Sub-saharan Africa in the dry season is actually a New England golf course in winter. The Urban Pantheist, Franklin Park, in too many pictures, 12 February 2007 | | postulate [ v. POS-chuh'-leyt; n. POS-chuh'-lit ] | | [ noun, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (tr. v.) to take for granted or assume to be true without proof 2. (tr. v.) to demand 3. (n.) a statement assumed to be true for the purpose of an argument 4. (n.) a prerequisite or necessary condition | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The principal postulated that he was an honest and forthright student because he came from a family with a respectable background.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Dr Stephen Barrett of www.quackwatch.com says: "The pathways postulated by reflexologists have not been anatomically demonstrated, and it is safe to assume that they do not exist." The Telegraph, Bailiffscourt Hotel and Health Spa, Climping, West Sussex, 27 July 2009. | | crescendo [ kri-SHEN-doh, -SEN-doh; It. kre-SHEN-daw ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. gradual increase in force or loudness of a musical passage; a steady, gradual increase in force or severity 2. the final point or peak of such an increase | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The crescendo was so sudden and loud that it sent shockwaves through the auditorium.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The debate resurfaced and reached crescendo levels in February 2001, when Fox television aired a program called Conspiracy Theory: Did We Land on the Moon? National Geographic, April Fools' Special: History's Hoaxes, John Roach | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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