| debunk [ di-BUHNGK ] | | | [ transitive verb ] | | | MEANING : | | | 1. to expose the exaggerated claims of 2. to ridicule the falseness of a claim or sentiment 3. to show to be false or pretentious | | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | | He debunked the predictions of the soothsayer by simple arguments.
| | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | | The discovery of this "watery world" helps debunk the notion that Earth-like planets could form only in conditions similar to those in our solar system. CNN, Scientists spot nearby 'super-Earth', John D. Sutter, 16 December 2009. | | | | sidereal [ sahy-DEER-ee-uh'l ] | | | [ adjective ] | | | MEANING : | | | 1. astral or related or pertaining to the stars 2. measured with or determined by reference to the stars | | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | | This mission will concentrate on the sidereal aspects of the faraway planets in our solar system.
| | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | | Venus Express is expected to begin its primary science mission -- a 15-Earth month period that translates into two of Venus' long sidereal days -- in June after a series of maneuvers to reach its final operational orbit. CNN, Bound for Venus, By Tariq Malik, April 10, 2006 | | | | palaeontologist [ pal-ee-uh' n-TOL-uh'-jist, pey-lee- ] | | | [ noun ] | | | MEANING : | | | an expert who has studied the fossil remains of prehistoric plants, animals, and other organisms | | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | | The character of Ross Geller in the famed comedy, "Friends", was a palaeontologist.
| | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | | Palaeontologists have long known that as temperatures go up and down over geological time, generally speaking, so does the upper size limit of cold-blooded creatures - or poikilotherms. BBC, Largest snake 'as long as a bus', By Paul Rincon, 4 February 2009 | | | | perforce [ per-FAWRS, -FOHRS ] | | | [ adverb ] | | | MEANING : | | | by necessity or due to force of circumstances | | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | | He had to sell his house perforce as his financial situation was deplorable.
| | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | | It is also a meditation, always simple but sometimes quite profound, on the nature of faith and on how it gives meaning to lives which have perforce to be lived in a materialist culture. Telegraph, Parents and pastors, William Oddie, 25 May 2004 | | | | prim [ prim ] | | | [ adjective, intransitive verb, transitive verb ] | | | MEANING : | | | 1. (adj.) formal, demure or precise 2. (tr.v.) to have a very prim or demure expression on one's face 3. (tr.v.) to formally or demurely dress up 4. (intr.v.) to fix one's mouth in a demure or formal expression | | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | | The prim and proper expression on her face soon melted away.
| | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | | There is evidence of arranged marriages in Western societies as far back as the 1500s and in the prim Victorian era, which encouraged a union for cultural and economic reasons rather than mere love. The Times of India, TODAY'S EDITORIAL: We're All Socialists, 15 Jan 2008 | | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] | CONSONANTS | | [b] | boy, baby, rob | | [d] | do, ladder, bed | | [f] | food, offer, safe | | [g] | get, bigger, dog | | [h] | happy, ahead | | [j] | jump, budget, age | | [k] | can, speaker, stick | | [l] | let, follow, still | | [m] | make, summer, time | | [n] | no, dinner, thin | | [ng] | singer, think, long | | [p] | put, apple, cup | | [r] | run, marry, far, store | | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | | [sh] | she, station, push | | [t] | top, better, cat | | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | | [v] | very, seven, love | | [w] | wear, away | | [hw] | where, somewhat | | [y] | yes, onion | | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | | VOWELS | | [a] | apple, can, hat | | [ey] | aid, hate, day | | [ah] | arm, father, aha | | [air] | air, careful, wear | | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | | [e] | ever, head, get | | [ee] | eat, see, need | | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | | [i] | it, big, finishes | | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | | [oh] | owe, road, below | | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | | [oo'] | good, book, put | | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | | [ou] | out, loud, how | | [uh] | up, mother, mud | | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | | [a*] | Fr. ami | | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | | [an*] | Fr. bien | | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | | [awn*] | Fr. bon | | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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