recalcitrant [ ri-KAL-si-truh' nt ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (adj.) resistant to or defiant of control or authority 2. (adj.) difficult to deal with or manage; unresponsive; resistant 3. (n.)a recalcitrant person | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The recalcitrant school boys in the inner cities of America make teaching there an unpleasant occupation.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Yet Mr Ross Goobey never saw himself as a policeman keeping recalcitrant bosses in check—more a proud capitalist who wanted to see capitalism work properly. Economist, The war on corpocracy, Feb 12th 2008 | | disputatious [ dis-pyoo'-TEY-shuh's ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. inclined to be argumentative or contentious 2. given to being disagreeable | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Management and labour could not reconcile their differences because of the disputatious union leader.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The Scots are, as the late Willie Ross (Scottish Secretary in the 1970s) once said, a disputatious people. BBC, McConnell tells of new confidence, 9 October 2004, | | sylvan [ SIL-vuh'n ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (adj.) pertaining to, consisting of or abounding in the trees 2. (adj.) living in the woods 3. (n.) a person who dwells in the woods 3. (n.) the spirit of the woods | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The children were warned that if they misbehaved sylvan creatures would come out of the woods and carry them away.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Crossing the Aberaeron road, there is a quiet road up to Falcondale Lake and a walk takes up one side of this sylvan setting. BBC, Weatherman Walking: Lampeter 3, 27 February 2007. | | legend [ LEJ-uh'nd ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. any unverifiable story handed down by tradition from earlier times and popularly accepted as historical 2. an inscription 3. a collection of stories about a great person | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The old man told the little children the legend of the farmer's son who became king by slaying the dragon.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Legend has it that Friar Tuck poisoned King John in Newark Castle as revenge for the murder of Maid Marian. BBC, The legend of Robin Hood, 2 March 2010. | | chafe [ cheyf ] | | [ noun, intransitive verb, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (tr.v.) to vex, irritate or annoy 2. (tr.v.) to rub (esp. hands) and make warm 3. (tr.v.) to abrade or make sore by rubbing 4. (intr.v.) to wear away or become sore as a result of rubbing 5. (intr.v.) to irritate, annoy or vex 6. (n.) annoyance, vexation or irritation 7. (n.) soreness or warmth due to friction | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The rough cloth chafed his skin raw.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | They continue to chafe under the inefficiency, corruption and red tape of their unusual system of government. BBC, Libyans mark Gaddafi anniversary, By Roger Hardy , 2 March 2007 | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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