affray [ uh'-FREY ] | | [ noun, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (n.) a public fray, brawl or fight 2. (tr.v.) to scare or frighten | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The police were called to put an end to the affray.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Police have registered a case under IPC section 160, which refers to affray, a public fight that causes disturbance. The Times of India,Family claims black magic used on them, 12 Jan 2009 | | disheveled [ di-SHEV-uh' ld ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | unkempt or marked by disarray or disorder | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | His dishevelled appearance scared the children
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Tbilisi is an old, disheveled jewel of a city, squeezed into a narrow gorge in the shadow of the vast Caucasus mountain range. BBC, Foreigners beware in Georgia, By the BBC's Andrew Harding, 24 June, 2001 | | derogatory [ di-ROG-uh'-tawr-ee, -tohr-ee ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | disparaging, depreciatory or belittling | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The derogatory remarks shocked everyone.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Jolene Plomer, a former official for Portsmouth FC women's youth team, was fined £50 pounds for putting derogatory remarks about a league official on Facebook after one of the team's games. Telegraph, Football club official 'fined by FA for posting abusive comments on Facebook', 25 May 2009 | | alluvial [ uh'-LOO-vee-uh'l ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (n.) a type of mud 2. (adj.) pertaining to the sediment deposited by flowing water | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Farmers of the Indo-Gangetic plain produce bountiful crops because of the fertile alluvial soil.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | One man escaped after falling into a cave as army sharp shooters sprayed the diggers with automatic fire in an alluvial diamond field, in a tribal area, about 20 miles north east of Mutare, near the Mozambique border. The Telegraph, Zimbabwe army guns down 12 people searching for diamonds, Peta Thornycroft, 21 November 2008. | | maelstrom [ MEYL-struh' m ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. a powerful, turbulent whirlpool that sucks in objects within a given area of its radius 2. a violent, turbulent, tumultuous or disordered situation | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Astronomers are yet to decipher the maelstrom that occurs around a black hole.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Also, as is obvious from pictures of active galaxies such as Centaurus A, it is difficult to see into the maelstrom around the actual black hole, which is shrouded by in-falling matter. University of Oxford, Violent galaxies 'spew out' energetic cosmic rays, 7 November 2007 | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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