incidental [ in-si-DEN-tl ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (adj.) incurred casually and in addition to a regular 2. (adj.) insignificant or subordinate in nature 3. (n.) minor expense | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The company reimbursed the salesmen for incidental expenses incurred.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Although to our audience, I have been Phil Archer for the majority of my adult life, my Archers salary always went down on my tax returns as incidental earnings. BBC, Obituary: Norman Painting, 29 October 2009. | | panjandrum [ pan-JAN-druh' m ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | a person who has or claims to have tremendous importance or influence | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The BJP's panjandrums will have to sit down and analyse the impact of Varun Gandhi's speech at the recent parliamentary hustings.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | That wouldn't please the Democratic panjandrums who desperately want a nominee now that John McCain has wrapped up the Republican race. BBC, US media react to key primaries | | deter [ di-TUR ] | | [ transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. to prevent, arrest or inhibit 2. to restrain or restrict | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Arms race deterred the super power from starting a full-fledged war.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The man at the heart of the Aviemore development claimed that the "debacle" over the affair will deter business from Scotland. The Herald, Aviemore debacle 'will deter incoming business', ROBBIE DINWOODIE, Chief Scottish Political Correspondent, March 07 2008 | | squalor [ SKWOL-er ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1.(n.) a dirty or wretched condition 2. (n.) a miserable state | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | People commented on the squalor of the slum but no one did anything to uplift the people living there.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Except that the dirty secret lies not in Home Office archives but in the numbers of asylum seekers' children held in captivity and in the migrant workers living in squalor and penury because the law allows gangmasters to exploit them. The Telegraph, Gordon Brown should say the unsayable: immigration has been a boon, Mary Riddell, 9 November 2009. | | decry [ di-KRAHY ] | | [ transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. denounce, condemn or belittle openly 2. to depreciate by rumour or officially | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The actions were termed vile and decried the world over.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The crowd -- organized via the social-networking Web sites Facebook and Twitter -- largely decried government corruption in Iran. CNN, Atlanta protesters join others across U.S. angry about Iran, From William Brown and Sydney Wilmer CNN, June 17, 2009 | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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