sham [ sham ] | | [ noun, verb, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (n.) something false that is alleged to be genuine 2. (n.) a person who feigns illness or pretends 3. (n.) a cover up or giving a false outward appearance 4. (adj.) feigned or pretended 5. (v.) to pretend or put on false appearances | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The investigation was a sham as the detectives were not keen on catching the culprit.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | A man jailed for arranging sham marriages in Northern Ireland has launched a legal bid to avoid deportation to Nigeria. BBC, Sham marriage scammer to fight deportation, 4 February 2010. | | implement [ n. IM-pluh'-muh'nt; v. IM-pluh'-ment ] | | [ noun, verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (n.) an instrument or tool or equipment 2. (n.) a means of or an agent 3. (v.) to carry out or perform 4. (v.) to put into effect | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He went into town and bought the gardening implements that he needed.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The Joint Chiefs of Staff say they'll need time to implement changes if "don't ask, don't tell' is repealed. CNN, Pentagon preparing repeal of 'don't ask, don't tell' policy, 2 February 2010. | | bereaved [ bih-REEVD ] | | [ noun, adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (adj.) being greatly saddened at the death of a loved one 2. (adj.) grief-stricken or suffering the loss of a loved one 3. (n.) a person or persons who have lost a loved one (the bereaved) | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | After the burial service, friends tried to comfort the bereaved family.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | In addition, the chaplaincy service available in all hospitals across Wales works within the wider patient support team to provide comfort and support to people who have been bereaved. BBC, Bereaved children 'not supported', 16 January 2009. | | laudatory [ LAW-duh'-tawr-ee, -tohr-ee ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. expressing admiration 2. commendable | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | His laudatory remarks went a long way in boosting the confidence of his son.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The Karachi stock market rose more than 100 points in three days in the wake of Mr Bush's laudatory remarks. BBC, Musharraf thrives on US support, Aamer, Ahmed Khan, 8 December 2004 | | expunge [ ik-SPUHNJ ] | | [ transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. to erase or strike out 2. to annihilate or wipe out 3. to eliminate | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He expunged the various repetitions and resubmitted his report.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | A victory for him on 4th November would help expunge the original sin of slavery from Jefferson's empire of liberty. BBC, US election has echoes in the past, Professor David Reynolds, 15 September 2008. | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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