vigorous [ VIG-er-uhs ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. energetic, robust or strong 2. done energetically and forcefully | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | A vigorous shaking of the reactants is often required to bring about a chemical reaction.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Beijing has been pursuing vigorous diplomatic complaints against countries such as Australia and Japan, which have recently granted visas to Ms Kadeer to travel there and discuss her concerns. BBC, Trials due over Xinjiang riots, 24 August 2009 | | taciturn [ TAS-i-turn ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. one who is habitually less inclined to talk | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He was a taciturn man who chose his words with care.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Keshubhai Patel, a generous host to scribes clamouring for bytes, was remarkably taciturn. The Times of India, Modi advised to expand his cabinet, by Mohua Chatterjee, March 31, 2005 | | betoken [ bih-TOH-kuh'n ] | | [ transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. to indicate or give evidence of 2. to give a sign of | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The members of the sect betoken their loyalty to the cause by a vow of obedience.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The massive queues outside hapless polling booths betoken the enthusiasm of young voters. BBC, Election: Disjointed thoughts from my tired brain, Paul Mason, 7 May 2010. | | talon [ TAL-uh'n ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. a claw of an animal or a bird of prey 2. something suggestive or in the shape of a claw 3. the part of a lock that the key needs to press into so as to shoot the bolt 4. the cards that are laid aside after dealing 5. (architecture) ogee molding | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The talons were sharp and were used for self defence.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Today, hurdling superstar Gail Devers adds star power to the track as much with her bright, talon-like nails as with her talent. The Times of India, Super athletes sporting Olympic style, by Ruma Singh, August 28, 2004 | | condole [ kuh'n-DOHL ] | | [ intransitive verb, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (intr. v.) to express sorrow 2. (intr. v.) to express sympathy 3. (tr. v.) to grieve | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He attended the funeral and condoled with the grieving family.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | I live a banished man within the bounds of my native soil; a spectator of others enriched by my birthright; an object of condoling to my relations and friends, and a condoler of their miseries.' BBC, Restoration Ireland, 9 June 2010. | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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