penury [ PEN-yuh'-ree ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | extreme poverty or want | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | His tendency to gamble reduced him to penury.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The collapse of Russia's state institutions and social infrastructure under Yeltsin, accompanied by a hyperinflation that reduced the middle class and pensioners to penury, was a trauma of incomparably greater magnitude than the Great Depression. Chronicles Magazine, Russia and the West: The Tragedy of 1204 Redux, By Srdja Trifkovic | | rapprochement [ rap-rohsh-MAHN*; Fr. r*a*-pr*awsh-mahn* ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | the reestablishment of friendly relations; the state of having harmonious relations | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The rapprochement reached between the US and Russia after the collapse of the ex-Soviet union was a welcome step since it averted the danger of a nuclear catastrophe.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | We are closer than ever to understandings that are liable to be the basis for agreements on two tracks of rapprochement – the Palestinian and the Syrian, Olmert said ABC News, Olmert plows ahead on peace talks, Joshua Mitnick | | filial [ FIL-ee-uh' l ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. pertaining to a child or offspring 2. pertaining to a series of generations succeeding the parental generation | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Most people in our country still maintain a sense of filial piety.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | A good helping of poison, duels, betrayal, filial ruptures and spirits in the night was served up by this youthful cast, who being largely past or present students should be well versed in such things. BBC, SHOESTRING, by BBC South Yorkshire contributor Rory Dollard, November 2002 | | caveat [ KAV-ee-aht, -at, KAH-vee-, key- ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. a warning of taking something into account before carrying out plans 2. a formal notice filed by an interested party with a court or officer, so that the action is taken only after telling the person who has given the notice | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Nutritionists recommend red meat as a food that is rich in protein and amino acids, but with a caveat; too much intake of red meat leads to high cholesterol levels and possible heart disease.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | But the caveat is that we only find sufficient numbers of native bees in areas that are near native habitat. National Geographic, Powerful Pollinators, Wild Bees May Favor Eco-Farms, by Ben Harder, October 28, 2004 | | canard [ kuh'-NAHRD; Fr. ka*-NA*R* ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | a spiteful report created to cause harm. | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The canard about the starlet's lifestyle led to her being dropped from a leading role in the next blockbuster film.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Anyone still inclined to cling to the canard that football is solely a man's game should spend a few hours in the company of Gemma Fay. The Herald, Women's game in safe hands as Scots go for glory, Neil Drysdale | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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