steadfast [ STED-fast, -fahst, -fuh' st ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. faithful or unswervingly, unwaveringly loyal 2. steady, firm or constant | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He was considered to be a steadfast and brave soldier.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Russia's steadfast refusal to let EUMM inside the contested territories could also be construed as an attempt to cover up the destruction seemingly inflicted on predominantly Georgian-populated areas after their inhabitants left in the wake of the conflict. Economist, Still simmering, Oct 30th 2008 | | litany [ LIT-n-ee ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. a prayer that is part of a liturgy and consists of a series of recitals of invocation by a leader that is alternated with fixed responses by the congregation. 2. a resonant or repetitive recital or chant 3. a dreary or tedious account | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The boring litany about the travels undertaken by Captain Wells was poorly received by the audience.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Last year it signed an exclusive deal to supply RIM's BlackBerry Storm, but industry experts have suggested a litany of problems with the phone's operating system have suppressed sales. Telegraph, Vodafone signs exclusive deal for Google's new G2 phone, By Rupert Neate in Barcelona, 17 Feb 2009 | | irate [ ahy-REYT, AHY-reyt ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. furious 2. pertaining to anger | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The irate customer yelled at the poor customer service executives.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The furor surrounding Ovrebo is not the first time -- and will certainly not be the last -- a referee has found himself or herself in the firing line from irate players and fans. CNN, Controversial refereeing decisions, Mike Steere, 8 May 2009 | | dire [ dahy-uh'r ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. causing dread 2. involving disaster or misfortune 3. desperate or urgent | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | He was warned of dire consequences if he disclosed the name of the bully.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | The federal government does not plan to stop paying interest on the federal debt, a move which would have dire economic consequences. CNN, Broad range of programs targeted by proposed spending freeze, 27 January 2010. | | pinnace [ PIN-is ] | | [ noun ] | | MEANING : | | 1. a light boat propelled by oars or a sailing boat used in attendance on a larger ship 2. any of various kinds of ship's attendance boats | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The pirates used the pinnace to ferry supplies from the island to their ship which was anchored off the coast.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Bear in mind that our ship is a pinnace and not a full-size warship. BBC, 'Superguns' of Elizabeth I's navy, 20 February 2009. | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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