CAT Question of the Day The original and most famous example of classical conditioning involved the salivary conditioning of Pavlov's dogs. During his research on the physiology of digestion in dogs, Pavlov noticed that, rather than simply salivating in the presence of meat powder (an innate response to food that he called the unconditional response), the dogs began to salivate in the presence of the lab technician who normally fed them. Pavlov called these psychic secretions. From this observation he predicted that, if a particular stimulus in the dog's surroundings were present when the dog was presented with meat powder, then this stimulus would become associated with food and cause salivation on its own. In his initial experiment, Pavlov used a bell to call the dogs to their food and, after a few repetitions, the dogs started to salivate in response to the bell.
What was Pavlov trying to achieve from his experiments, according to the passage?
| OPTIONS | | |  | 1) | Pavlov was trying to prove that the physiology of digestion of food in dogs in psychologically motivated. | | | 2) | Pavlov was trying to prove that an external stimulus can lead to a reaction directly unrelated to the stimulus. | | | 3) | Pavlov was trying to prove that dogs salivate more in the presence of meat powder than the lab technician who fed them. | | | 4) | Pavlov wasn't trying to prove anything, he was merely observing the behaviour of his dogs. | | | 5) | Pavlov wanted to prove that dogs salivate in response to a bell. |
Tip of the Day While solving the DI and QA sections, easy questions but with tedious calculations require prior attention. Do not leave them towards the end. Last year's Question of the day (10-Mar-11) Skłodowska–Curie decided to look into uranium rays as a possible field of research for a thesis. She used a clever technique to investigate samples. Fifteen years earlier, her husband and his brother had invented the electrometer, a sensitive device for measuring electrical charge. Using the Curie electrometer, she discovered that uranium rays caused the air around a sample to conduct electricity. Using this technique, her first result was the finding that the activity of the uranium compounds depended only on the quantity of uranium present. She had shown that the radiation was not the outcome of some interaction of molecules, but must come from the atom itself. In scientific terms, this was the most important single piece of work that she conducted.
Which of the following, if true, could have disproved Curie's conclusion about radiation?
| OPTIONS | | | | | 1) | The activity of the uranium compounds was inversely proportional to the quantity of uranium present. | | | 2) | Radiation is affected by the interaction of molecules. | | | 3) | There were other works that established the atomic nature of radiation. | | | 4) | Electricity can be conducted through air. | | | 5) | Prolonged exposure to radiation causes cancer. |
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