| obstinate [ OB-stuh'-nit ] | | | [ adjective ] | | | MEANING : | | | 1. stubborn, unyielding or mulish 2. difficult to treat or alleviate 3. persistent or refractory | | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | | Being an obstinate and headstrong young man, he frequently clashed with his bosses.
| | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | | Combine the obstinate mind-set with the strength of a seven-year old chimp—four to eight times as strong as an adult human—and that is a recipe for trouble, Fouts said. National Geographic, Goodall Group Calls for Curtain on Ape "Actors", Jennifer Hile, February 13, 2004 | | | | animadversion [ an-uh'-mad-VUR-zhuh' n, -shuh' n ] | | | [ noun ] | | | MEANING : | | | 1. negative criticism 2. a censorious or critical comment or remark | | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | | Mr. Darcy often made animadversions on the conduct of Elizabeth's family.
| | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | | In an introduction to a book, Mr Eagleton likened Mr Amis's animadversions to "the ramblings of a British National Party thug". Economist, A telling outbreak of controversies, Oct 25th 2007 | | | | kaleidoscopic [ kuh'-lahy-duh'-SKOP-ik ] | | | [ adjective ] | | | MEANING : | | | 1. changeful or rapidly changeable 2. of or pertaining to a kaleidoscope | | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | | The entire year passed in a blur of kaleidoscopic events and now the exams are upon us.
| | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | | Inspired by the 1960s Japanese-made animated series, the movie integrates live action and kaleidoscopic digital effects to create a highly artificial, color-saturated fantasy world where race cars come equipped with retractable weaponry and battle it out like spinning tops (or the "beyblades" popularized by more recent manga). CNN, Review: 'Speed Racer' rich in color, poor in spirit, Tom Charity, 9 May 2008 | | | | prolific [ pruh'-LIF-ik ] | | | [ adjective ] | | | MEANING : | | | 1. producing abundantly or very fruitful 2. highly productive | | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | | He was a prolific author of murder mysteries and many of his books were on the best-seller list.
| | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | | When he finally retired, having become the most prolific batsman in the history of the game (67,057 runs if you count his domestic one-day performances) it was inevitable he would become a coach and national selector. The Telegraph, South Africa v England: Alastair Cook shapes up well under Graham Gooch, Simon Hughes, 18 December 2009. | | | | bastion [ BAS-chuh'n, -tee-uh'n ] | | | [ noun ] | | | MEANING : | | | 1. a projecting portion of a rampart or fortification 2. a citadel; a preserving or protecting condition 3. someone who is considered similar to a defensive stronghold | | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | | The raiders could not get past the bastion as it was too formidable.
| | | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | | The National Trust has won a top tourism award for its ""unswerving role as the bastion of beautiful and outstanding attractions"". BBC, National Trust wins tourism award at Brighton Dome, 24 April 2010. | | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] | CONSONANTS | | [b] | boy, baby, rob | | [d] | do, ladder, bed | | [f] | food, offer, safe | | [g] | get, bigger, dog | | [h] | happy, ahead | | [j] | jump, budget, age | | [k] | can, speaker, stick | | [l] | let, follow, still | | [m] | make, summer, time | | [n] | no, dinner, thin | | [ng] | singer, think, long | | [p] | put, apple, cup | | [r] | run, marry, far, store | | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | | [sh] | she, station, push | | [t] | top, better, cat | | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | | [v] | very, seven, love | | [w] | wear, away | | [hw] | where, somewhat | | [y] | yes, onion | | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | | VOWELS | | [a] | apple, can, hat | | [ey] | aid, hate, day | | [ah] | arm, father, aha | | [air] | air, careful, wear | | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | | [e] | ever, head, get | | [ee] | eat, see, need | | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | | [i] | it, big, finishes | | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | | [oh] | owe, road, below | | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | | [oo'] | good, book, put | | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | | [ou] | out, loud, how | | [uh] | up, mother, mud | | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | | [a*] | Fr. ami | | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | | [an*] | Fr. bien | | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | | [awn*] | Fr. bon | | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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