emend [ i-mend ] | | [ transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. to edit and remove errors 2. to change erroneous faults | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | To emend and proof read text calls for large doses of patience and diligence.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | There is a perpetual succession of editions with augmented if not emended intelligence so as to secure for every post through which it is sent out the latest news from every source. Telegraph, Caring about the world of news, 24/05/2008 | | divergent [ di-VUR-juh' nt, dahy- ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. differ from another or a standard 2. failing to reach a limit or having no finite limits | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Divergent strategies often help achieve the impossible.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | On the political front, lawmakers of both parties point to divergent polls that show the majority of Americans back their approaches. CNN, Partisan dispute divides Congress over energy legislation, From Ted Barrett, July 25, 2008 | | foil [ foil ] | | [ noun, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (tr.v.) to frustrate, thwart or prevent from succeeding 2. (n.) a defeat 3. (n.) a thin sheet of metal that can be used to wrap food | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | The police were unable to foil the robbery, which resulted in the demands for the resignation of the police inspector.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Police in Brazil have foiled a plot to smuggle mobile phones into a high-security prison using a remotely-controlled model helicopter. BBC, Police foil prison phone delivery, Gary Duffy, 26 May 2009 | | surrogate [ n., adj. SUR-uh'-geyt, -git, SUHR-; v. SUR-uh'-geyt, SUHR- ] | | [ noun, adjective, transitive verb ] | | MEANING : | | 1. (n.) a person appointed to act on behalf of another 2. (n.) a substitute 3. (adj.) acting as a substitute or being a substitute 4. (tr. v.) to subrogate or to substitute for another | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Since they could not have children of their own, they decided to adopt a child and become surrogate parents.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Her three children, all still under age 10, will be the beneficiaries of the settlement once it is approved by a New York surrogate court, whose duties are to deal with issues concerning the deceased. CNN, Settlement offered in Phoenix airport strangling case, Adam Reiss, 20 October 2009. | | primordial [ prahy-MAWR-dee-uh'l ] | | [ adjective ] | | MEANING : | | 1. original or constituting a beginning 2. formed first or happening first in sequence of time 3. elementary or fundamental | | USAGE EXAMPLE 1 : | | Researchers worldwide are to meet and compare their studies of primordial germ cells.
| | USAGE EXAMPLE 2 : | | Suffering from primordial dwarfism, he weighed only half a kilo on being born in Inner Mongolia. The Telegraph, Lives Remembered, 16 March 2010. | |
Spelled Pronunciation Key Stress marks: [ CAPS ] indicates the primary stressed syllable, as in newspaper [NOOZ-pey-per ] and information [ in-fer-MEY-shuh' n ] CONSONANTS | [b] | boy, baby, rob | [d] | do, ladder, bed | [f] | food, offer, safe | [g] | get, bigger, dog | [h] | happy, ahead | [j] | jump, budget, age | [k] | can, speaker, stick | [l] | let, follow, still | [m] | make, summer, time | [n] | no, dinner, thin | [ng] | singer, think, long | [p] | put, apple, cup | [r] | run, marry, far, store | [s] | sit, city, passing, face | [sh] | she, station, push | [t] | top, better, cat | [ch] | church, watching, nature, witch | [th] | thirsty, nothing, math | [th'] | this, mother, breathe | [v] | very, seven, love | [w] | wear, away | [hw] | where, somewhat | [y] | yes, onion | [z] | zoo, easy, buzz | [zh] | measure, television, beige | | | VOWELS | [a] | apple, can, hat | [ey] | aid, hate, day | [ah] | arm, father, aha | [air] | air, careful, wear | [aw] | all, or, talk, lost, saw | [e] | ever, head, get | [ee] | eat, see, need | [eer] | ear, hero, beer | [er] | teacher, afterward, murderer | [i] | it, big, finishes | [ahy] | I, ice, hide, deny | [o] | odd, hot, woffle | [oh] | owe, road, below | [oo] | ooze, food, soup, sue | [oo'] | good, book, put | [oi] | oil, choice, toy | [ou] | out, loud, how | [uh] | up, mother, mud | [uh'] | about, animal, problem, circus | [ur] | early, bird, stirring | | | FOREIGN SOUNDS | [a*] | Fr. ami | [kh*] | Scot. loch, Ger. ach or ich | [œ] | Fr. feu, Ger. schön | [r*] | Fr. au revoir, Yiddish rebbe | [uh*] | Fr. oeuvre | [y*] | Fr. tu, Ger. über | | | SAMPLE NASALIZED VOWELS | [an*] | Fr. bien | [ahn*] | Fr. croissant | [awn*] | Fr. bon | [œn*] | Fr. parfum | [in*] | Port. Principe | | |
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